There is no certainty life on earth will continue. If combined green house gasses get to the co2 equivalent (in terms of atmospheric heating) of around 6000 ppm then the upper layer of the troposphere may become too warm to stop water condensing and falling back to earth. This will evaporate all surface water. This is the runaway greenhouse effect that creates planets with chemistry like Venus, ie surface temperature of hundreds of degrees, un breathable atmosphere, massive surface pressure and poisonous oceans. This could easily happen on earth since total stores of carbon in the ground greatly exceed the 6000ppm atmos co2 equivalent. Methane release form the arctic permafrost in itself could drive heating to the equivalent of at least 1000 ppm co2. The solar system, the galaxy and the rest of the universe, however, will continue as normal.